A SECOND ROUND WITH PHILIPPINE MUSIC
The Songs, Singers, Friends and Family That Have Been Part of My Life
By Karl M. Garcia
I have written about Philippine music before.
Of course, some readers pointed out that I had forgotten to mention their favorite band, singer, composer or musician.
Fair enough.
I plead guilty.
There are simply too many.
So let me give it another round.
This is not an attempt to produce a definitive list of the greatest Filipino musicians. That would be impossible. Music is personal. What becomes the soundtrack of one person’s life may barely register with another.
Instead, this is my own journey through music—through family, friends, schoolmates, neighbors, colleagues, church and the many artists whose work has accompanied my life.
And this time, I will try not to forget quite as many people.
Perhaps It Runs in the Family
My connection to music may have started before I even understood what music meant.
On my father’s side, my grandfather was a music teacher. So music was not simply something to listen to. It was something that could be taught, practiced and shared.
There is another interesting family connection. My grandfather’s grandnephew is Alejandro D. Consolacion II, a Filipino organist and composer whose career has been devoted particularly to organ, choral and sacred music.
On my mother’s side, there are also connections to Philippine entertainment.
My mother’s first cousin, Maricris Bermont, was part of the Philippine entertainment scene as an actress and singer.
And then there is my cousin Jim Paredes.
For generations of Filipinos, Jim has been inseparable from the APO Hiking Society, together with Danny Javier and Boboy Garovillo. APO became one of the defining groups in Philippine popular music and an important part of the development of Original Pilipino Music.
And the musical connection continues into another generation of our family.
My nephew G3 Misa has built his own career in music.
And now my son has joined the DLSU Chorale.
He joined only recently, but already he has given me another reason to be proud—and another reason to believe that perhaps music really does run in the family.
The DLSU Chorale is one of the performing groups of De La Salle University, under its Culture and Arts Office. It remains an active part of university life, performing at official events and concerts.
And in 2026, my son and his fellow chorale members had an especially memorable achievement: the DLSU Chorale placed second in the Sing, Tarlac, Sing! Choral Festival and Competition.
For someone who never survived more than a year of piano lessons, I find this development rather amusing.
Perhaps I stopped playing so that the next generation could continue singing.
And Then There Was Me
As for me, I am still following in the footsteps of my sister—as a church choir member.
That may be my most enduring musical role.
As children, my sister and I also took piano lessons together.
She continued.
I stopped in the first year.
She became the last woman standing in that particular musical adventure.
Oh well.
Not everyone is destined to become a pianist.
Some of us are apparently destined to sing in church choirs, listen enthusiastically and admire the people who actually persevered with their musical lessons.
But perhaps that is the point.
Music does not require all of us to become professional musicians.
It simply asks that we allow it into our lives.
And now, watching my son sing with the DLSU Chorale, I am beginning to appreciate the family musical tradition from the other side of the audience.
Friends Who Made Music
Then there are the friends.
I had high-school friends who became members of Kundirana.
And since I am a product of La Salle Green Hills, Kundirana is naturally part of that story.
Kundirana is the high-school music ministry of La Salle Green Hills. It was founded in 1971, and its name combines two traditional Filipino musical forms: kundiman and harana. It has become one of the country’s best-known school-based musical groups, with generations of members and alumni making their own marks in Philippine music and entertainment.
For me, however, Kundirana is not simply an institution or a name in Philippine music history.
It is connected to people I actually knew in school.
That makes it personal.
Then there is Paco Arespacochaga of INTRoVOYS.
Paco is a founding member of the band and its drummer. INTRoVOYS was formed in 1986 and became one of the recognizable names of the Philippine pop-rock scene.
Then there is Leslie “Wolf” Gemora of Wolfgang.
Wolfgang became one of the major names in Philippine rock, and Gemora was its founding and original drummer.
And then there is my nephew G3 Misa.
I have the pleasure of watching his musical journey up close.
He has moved through several bands and musical projects, including Violent Playground, Spinning Jenny, Mystery and Shanghaied, before becoming associated with INTRoVOYS. He has also pursued his own work as a singer-songwriter and recording artist.
So yes, when I say he jumped from one band to another, there is some history behind the joke.
Apparently, the family musical tradition continues.
Just not through piano lessons.
Neighbors and Memorable Encounters
Sometimes music enters our lives through family and friendship.
Sometimes it simply happens because of where life takes us.
I have had the pleasure of having Celeste Legaspi as a longtime neighbor.
Think about that.
One of the country’s distinguished singers and actresses was not simply a name on a record, television program or concert poster.
She was someone who lived nearby.
That is one of the wonderful things about the Philippines.
Our cultural icons can sometimes be much closer to us than we realize.
I also had the pleasure of meeting Leah Navarro on one particularly memorable occasion.
And I remember her not simply because of the encounter, but because of the music.
One song that comes immediately to mind is “Isang Mundo, Isang Awit.”
That title says something beautiful by itself: one world, one song.
It is the kind of Filipino song that belongs to a particular era but carries a message that does not really grow old.
I also had a memorable selfie with Carla Martinez.
Today, many people know Carla primarily as an actress. My own memory also includes her earlier connection with singing.
Sometimes a photograph captures more than a celebrity encounter.
It captures a moment in a person’s journey.
And Then There Was My Composer Boss
I also had a composer for a boss.
Dodjie Simon.
That is not something everyone can put on a résumé.
And there is one particular song of his that deserves to be mentioned because it is easy to confuse with another famous song with exactly the same title.
I am talking about Dodjie Simon’s “Ikaw Lamang,” the song recorded by Janno Gibbs and Jaya.
This is not the “Ikaw Lamang” associated with Ogie Alcasid and Gary Valenciano.
Same title.
Different song.
Different composer.
Different musical history.
For me, however, the most important fact about Dodjie Simon is not simply the song.
He was my boss.
That makes the connection personal.
Having a composer as your boss is an interesting experience when you already have a lifelong appreciation for music.
It reminds you that behind every song people remember are people who actually have to create it.
The singer may receive the applause.
But somewhere behind that performance is the composer, lyricist, arranger, musician, producer, recording engineer and all the other people who make the music possible.
The Names I Still Haven’t Mentioned
And now comes the difficult part.
The musicians I have not mentioned.
The bands I forgot.
The singers someone will surely remind me I should have included.
The composers whose songs I have enjoyed but whose names I may not immediately remember.
The session musicians.
The choir members.
The arrangers.
The producers.
The instrumentalists.
The teachers.
The people playing in bars and small venues.
The church musicians.
The independent artists.
The garage bands.
The people writing songs in bedrooms and recording them on computers.
And the people who never became famous but nevertheless made somebody’s day better.
I cannot name everyone.
And perhaps that is actually a good thing.
Because Philippine music is much larger than the names that make the headlines.
More Than Entertainment
Music is also more than entertainment.
It is part of the creative life of the country.
It creates work for performers, composers, songwriters, arrangers, producers, recording engineers, studios, venues, promoters, educators and many others.
It creates intellectual property.
It creates audiences.
It creates livelihoods.
But its greatest contribution may be something that cannot easily be measured:
cultural identity.
A Filipino song can carry a piece of the Philippines wherever it is heard.
A song can cross generations.
It can cross social classes.
It can cross geography.
And sometimes it can cross national borders.
The Soundtrack of Our Lives
There is a tendency to divide Philippine music into categories—kundiman, folk, classical, Manila Sound, OPM, rock, alternative, hip-hop, R&B, P-pop and everything in between.
But music is more than genre.
It is memory.
A song can take us back to a particular year.
A particular person.
A particular place.
A particular journey home.
It can remind us of school.
Of first love.
Of heartbreak.
Of family gatherings.
Of Sunday Mass.
Of graduation.
Of a long drive.
Of an old friend.
Of someone who is no longer with us.
That is why music has extraordinary power.
It preserves things that statistics cannot.
It preserves things that photographs sometimes cannot.
And sometimes it preserves things that we did not even realize were important until years later.
A nation does not remember only through monuments and official anniversaries.
It remembers through stories.
And it remembers through songs.
From Kundirana to OPM and Beyond
The Philippine musical landscape has changed enormously.
There are traditions that go back generations, followed by waves of popular music that continually reinvent what it means to sound Filipino.
Kundiman and harana belong to an older musical heritage.
The Manila Sound helped define another era.
OPM gave Filipino original music a powerful identity.
Rock and alternative music expanded the possibilities.
Hip-hop brought another generation of voices.
And P-pop is now opening another chapter, with Filipino artists reaching audiences through digital platforms and participating in an increasingly interconnected Asian and global music industry.
But the new does not necessarily erase the old.
It builds on it.
A young Filipino musician can grow up listening to Filipino classics, Western pop, rock, hip-hop, K-pop and local independent artists—and then create something that belongs entirely to his or her own generation.
That is how musical cultures remain alive.
They evolve.
They borrow.
They adapt.
They remember.
And they create again.
My Own Small Place in All This
My own role is modest.
I am not a professional musician.
I did not survive piano lessons.
I am still a church choir member, following the path my sister took much more seriously than I did.
But music has remained with me.
It has been an inspiration.
An uplifter.
A companion.
And perhaps most importantly, a stress reliever.
There are days when nothing seems to work.
The news is exhausting.
Politics is frustrating.
Work is demanding.
Life becomes complicated.
Then a song comes on.
And for a few minutes, everything changes.
That is the magic of music.
It does not necessarily solve the problem.
It simply gives us enough strength to face it again.
And perhaps that is why seeing my son now become part of a university chorale means more to me than just another extracurricular achievement.
It feels like a continuation.
My grandfather taught music.
My sister persevered with the piano.
I found my way into a church choir.
My nephew pursued music professionally.
And now my son is singing with the DLSU Chorale.
The music keeps going.
To All Those I Forgot
So, to all the bands, singers, composers and musicians I failed to mention in my first essay:
My apologies.
And to those I still haven’t mentioned in this second round:
Please understand that the omission is not a judgment.
There are simply too many of you.
And perhaps that is the greatest compliment I can give Philippine music.
We have too many stories.
Too many voices.
Too many songs.
Too many musicians.
Too many memories.
Too much talent.
One essay cannot possibly contain all of it.
So let me make the disclaimer clear:
This is not the list.
It is simply my list of memories.
And there will probably be another round.
Because when it comes to Philippine music, there is always another song.
There is always another singer.
There is always another band.
And there is always another story behind the music.
As for me, I will keep listening.
Because music has been part of my life for as long as I can remember.
And, piano lessons notwithstanding, I have no intention of stopping now.
Oh, my. Music provides life’s heartbeat. No doubt. Filipinos are excellent at it from dancing convicts to the thumping of fiesta barrel drums to dentists singing while they drill to off key karaoke blasting through the night to superstars like Bruno Mars, and in a different era, your cousin Jim, whom I’m honored to have met along with Leah Navarro.
My music is focused on the guitar, which I never mastered. Blues legends of my time, in the main, fill my playlists, along with an occasional rock screecher. There was a small bar I used to visit in LA, on Melrose. Live band on weekends. There is nothing finer than being in a room when a band finds that special groove where the music wraps around the band and the audience and it becomes one throbbing electric togetherness.
I’ve seen live performances of George Benson and Ray Charles and the musical play Jesus Christ Superstar in outdoor theaters. Magical. And speaking of church choirs, my visit to a black baptist church in South LA was a rocker.
My wife sings as she works around the house, and does it beautifully. My son is a genius on the guitar but will study economics and finance, go figure.
Thanks for the delightful change of pace, and the fond recollections.
OT infrastructure notes:
(1) Mining focus to serve Pax Silica.
https://business.inquirer.net/609293/ph-critical-minerals-industry-seen-entering-sweet-spot
(2) Rail budget to triple in 2027. Again, the main effort supports Pax Silica.
https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1283303
(3) A census in the proposed Pax Silica region is planned to understand the human impacts. This displays unusual foresight.
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/2299337/govt-holding-census-in-areas-pax-silica-hub-may-affect
I wondered if DILG Sec. Jonvic Remulla’s experience herding cats otherwise known in the Philippines as LGU executives during his stint as Cavite governor with regards to flood control project coordination led to him being an active participant in Pax Silica — from news media it seems like he is playing a big role in coordinating the surrounding LGUs. This is great IMHO.
After the first 3 years of trying to cajole other dynasties to move in unison to bring progress to the Philippines and largely failing due to the constant bombs thrown by the pro-DDS bloc, I think Marcos Jr. is coming to the realization that like water always finds a way around obstacles as it flows to the ocean, it’s better to just work around recalcitrant LGUs.
PNoy was constrained by his family’s status of national near-sainthood. Anything less of perfection was criticized as not being saintly enough. Perhaps Marcos Jr. with his family’s history of sometimes having dirty hands will be the one to push through what’s needed. Don’t let the perfect get in the way of the good.
Interesting points. It seems that Sec. Remulla has also said the judiciary needs to be held to account. That’s like attacking saints. (Some who misbehave.) Marcos exceeds expectations. Aquino couldn’t win. Important distinction.
Many many thanks Joe. Thanks to Wil we had a chance to meet Jim and Leah. We are coudins but I still get star struck. Tge most important thinh to be thankful for is I got to meet you and your family…..Precious!
Indeed precious. Well, your son, like mine, is now a young man. Joe Jr remembers that lunch vividly, especially “the general”, and of course wandering down by the lobster tanks with your son. I think Leah’s in Canada now. Jim was in Australia but I believe is performing here again. Probably trying to outlast Mick Jagger, LOL. Well, he’s more handsome than Jagger, for sure. Keep those vocal cords in shape. Hallelujah!
Hallelujah!
Thanks for this. My musical imprint was quite eclectic. The Canadian wife of the late ethnomusicologist Jose Maceda (the professor and National Artist who actually showed me a kudyapi when I passed by his house, frustrated by a music teacher who had just asked us to memorize native instruments without even explaining what they were, not even pictures) was my piano teacher and interestingly even had a harpsichord, THE instrument of Bach way before piano. The Orff Schulwerk group at Abelardo Hall (UP College of Music) was my weekend hobby – playing instruments from a very basic kind of flute to different percussive stuffs, and also rehearsing for musical plays we performed every year (so we also had voice training basics). One summer trying to learn the guitar after I had bought my first and only guitar in Cebu in 1975, unfortunately my fingers felt contorted after that and I stuck to piano. Piano lessons also stopped when I was at Pisay the whole day from high school onwards though.
Pressured my parents to take me to jazz fusion concerts in Manila and I was at the Bob James concert with my mother in 1981 (whose first concert as a teen was Louis Armstron in Berlin) who told me that it somehow sounded to popularized to still be real jazz, fair enough. First performance I watched without my parents was Mike Hanopol HIMSELF at the UP Fair or one of its predecessors also in 1981 or so, security guards called us (I don’t remember with whom I was) pasaway because we kept trying to get closer to the stage and did not follow their instructions.
Tried to resume piano in Germany, with my teacher even showing me a bit of ragtime – but that was during my college studies and time was short. The senior high school choir I went to in Germany in where we sung West Side Story stuff and spirituals/gospel.
My brother’s ninong was tenor Aurelio Estanislao. Our direct neighbor in UP Area 1 was National Artist Jovita Fuentes, a coloratura soprano. Heard her voice lessons from my bedroom
Maybe it is the four years between Karl and me that make the difference between rock being slowly accepted by middle-class parents as opposed to the era when it was still associated with DRUUUGS because Pepe Smith was as crazy as Bob Marley in that respect – and with women..
Of course in that era a lot of middle class kids including me still took the jeepney, so the Manila Sound of the likes of Hotdog was the sound of daily life on jeepney speakers, just like Tito Sotto was still the rough equivalent of Barry White with VST&Co while Vic Sotto was like Robin Gibb..
so Metro Manila for me will always be a mix of sounds – Sumayaw, Sumunod by VST&Co., Annie Batungbakal by Hotdog, Jeprox by Mike Hanopol. And of course the harmonies of Abelardo Hall that you will find in Ryan Cayabyab songs but also in UP Concert Chorus arrangements.
As for the Western popular sound, that too was as eclectic as George Benson, Bob James, the Bee Gees.. Marvin Gaye, Al Jarreau and British New Wave were added to my personal soundtrack when we move to Germany in 1982.
And of course the classical base from Bach and Beethoven to even a bit of Wagner, but unlike my father who likes the Game of Thrones like Nibelungen Cycle, I only liked the Master Singers of Nuremberg, even if it is a bit of an OA romanticized medieval singing contest.
It is interesting to see how a lot of OPM came from the Manila middle class based on your personal connections to it. For sure I had heard of “Ewan” in my teens, but Apo began to loom large when they started mocking Marcos Sr. at their concerts. I was already in Germany then.
Interesting BTW how Wolf Gemora’s brother Audie made a name for himself at musicals (he was BTW Morissette Amon’s original manager and brought her into Camp Rock Philippines) or how the head of FlipMusic Jumbo de Belen originally played with his brothers in a rock band. FlipMusic for those who don’t know is behind a lot of Filipino popular music, from Kakaibabe in the 2010s to a lot of Sarah Geronimo songs (Tala) to BINI’s most popular Talaarawan album. Somehow similar to what Stock Aitken Waterman was internationally in the 1980s/1990s. One could also look at how many born again Christians (Jonathan Manalo, Gary V, Morissette, Moira dela Torre, even Gigi de Lana) there are in the Pinoy music business by now. Oh and the time when Pinoy rap rose from novelty (Andrew E, Francis M) to mainstream I totally missed..
this also – Lea Salonga just got a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame..
https://x.com/Variety/status/2095955286922318286
(OK I am having a pretty unsorted Saturday)
Thanks. Proud of Lea!
https://x.com/ABSCBNNews/status/2096520025934864636
Thanks for another gems in your treaaure chest of memories.
welcome – treasure trove or flea market goods, depending on the beholder.
(lots of family photos from the 19th century, books from the 1950s and porcelain from the 1920s land in German flea markets. It probably does take an expert to distinguish what will sell really well and what will be seen as the next standard thing)
P.S correction on 19th century, more on early 20th century.. I saw a bit of an outdoor exhibit near what remains of the old Hertie/Karstadt department store near Munich central station some weeks ago, and part of its origin story was people coming from the trains or going there, in the attire of those days, and the middle class of course wanting to have photos made of themselves..