Freedom of Information in the Philippines: Promise, Reality, and the Case for Legislation
By Karl Garcia Transparency is not optional in a functioning democracy. Yet in the Philippines, the promise of freedom of information (FOI) has existed for years in theory but remains uneven in practice. Executive Order No. 2, issued in 2016, formally introduced FOI into the country, giving the public the right to request information from … Continue reading
From Visibility to Verifiable Outcomes:
Government Computerization, Institutional Performance, and the Persistence of Inefficiency in the Philippines By Karl Garcia Introduction: Modernization Without Transformation For more than five decades, the Philippine government has pursued computerization as a pathway to efficiency, transparency, and improved public service delivery. From centralized mainframes in the 1970s to today’s digital platforms and super apps, successive … Continue reading
40 Years After EDSA: People Power Without a System
By Karl Garcia In a few days, the Philippines will mark a profound milestone: forty years since the 1986 People Power Revolution. Four decades since ordinary Filipinos converged on EDSA and, without guns or generals, toppled a dictatorship. It was a moment when fear lost its grip, when collective courage bent the course of history, … Continue reading
Space Squandered, Time Squandered:
Why Philippine Infrastructure Builds Persistently but Struggles to Deliver Systemic Gains By Karl Garcia The Philippines has consistently pursued infrastructure expansion. Successive administrations have launched major programs focused on roads, railways, ports, flood control, and urban redevelopment. Public investment in infrastructure has increased over time, and the country has no shortage of plans, feasibility studies, … Continue reading
Environmentalism Without Illusions:
When Good Intentions Fail Philippine Ecology By Karl Garcia Environmental protection is one of the few policy goals that attracts near-universal agreement. Plant trees. Recycle waste. Clean rivers. Ban incineration. These actions feel ethical, visible, and immediately reassuring. They signal concern and suggest progress. Yet environmental policy, like public health or infrastructure planning, is governed … Continue reading