Wilfredo G. Villanueva
Cha Coronel Datu
Juana Pilipinas
Karl Garcia
giancarloangulo
Irineo B. R. Salazar
JPilipinas
karlgarcia
JoeAmSovereignty at Sea: Philippine Maritime Strategy, Governance, and Operational Integration
By Karl Garcia 🌊 Executive Summary The Philippines’ maritime domain is both a source of wealth and a persistent strategic vulnerability. As an archipelagic nation of over 7,600 islands with an EEZ of 2.3 million km², the country faces overlapping challenges: Climate change and sea-level rise Territorial disputes and hybrid security threats Energy and supply … Continue reading
Drone Technology Transfer and Strategic Urgency in Multi-Theater Conflicts
By Karl Garcia Introduction The evolving global security landscape demonstrates a persistent trend: cheap, scalable drone technology has become a central tool in modern conflict. From Ukraine’s low-cost battlefield UAVs to Iranian drone strikes in the Middle East, unmanned systems have proven their effectiveness for both offensive operations and asymmetric defense. In hypothetical escalation scenarios—such … Continue reading
Undersea Infrastructure: A Philippine Perspective
By Karl Garcia Introduction: The Invisible Backbone of the Modern World Beneath the oceans lies an infrastructure network more critical than highways, airports, or even power grids—undersea infrastructure. Submarine cables, pipelines, sensors, and seabed installations quietly carry over 95% of global internet traffic, enable energy security, support maritime navigation, and increasingly underpin national defense. For … Continue reading
Selective Justice? How Power Shapes International Law in the Middle East and Beyond
By Karl Garcia The recent U.S.–Israeli airstrikes on Iranian targets have reignited a perennial question in international relations: why some countries appear shielded from legal consequences while others face severe sanctions for similar actions. On the surface, international law — codified in the United Nations Charter — seems clear: the use of force is prohibited … Continue reading
Onwards: Alternative Fuels for Philippine Shipping – Challenges and Pathways Forward
By Karl Garcia The maritime sector is central to the Philippines’ economy. As an archipelagic nation with over 7,000 islands, shipping connects communities, supports trade, and sustains livelihoods. The Philippines is also a global leader in supplying seafarers to international shipping companies. Yet, despite this strategic advantage, the country’s domestic shipping industry heavily depends on … Continue reading
